protege使用一

建立本體-使用 Protege
建立本體的用的相關軟體 protege3.3-初體驗
Building An OWL Ontology，語義網
參考資料:A Practical Guide To Building OWL Ontologies Using The Prot´eg´e-OWL Plugin and CO-ODE ToolsEdition 1.0Author:Matthew Horridge1,Holger Knublauch2, Alan Rector1, Robert Stevens1, Chris Wroe1

一、使用Prot´eg´e建立pizza的本體
1. Start Prot´eg´e2. When the New Project dialog box appears, select ‘OWL Files’ from the ‘ProjectFormat’ list section on the left hand side of the dialog box, and press ‘New’.
二、類別的命名，建立classes Pizza, PizzaTopping and PizzaBase
三、Disjoint: Make Pizza, PizzaTopping and PizzaBase disjoint from each other
四、建立子類別: Use the ‘Create Group Of Classes’ Wizard to create ThinAndCrispy and DeepPan assubclasses of PizzaBase (版本不同在按扭上有些許的差異)
五、Create some subclasses of PizzaTopping
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以上步驟主要在建立基本的類別
OWL Properties表示的是個體之間的關系，在OWL Properties中主要有二種Properties，Object properties是link an individual to an individual.，而 Datatype properties則是link an
individual to an XML Schema Datatype value or an rdf literal。除此之外 owl亦有第三種屬性Annotation properties，它可以針對類別、個體或物件/資料型態屬性等資料再額外
的增加一些描述的資料，也就是俗稱的超資料 (metadata-data about data)
owl的三種屬性=> object, datatype, annotation. ================================================================
六、Create an object property called hasIngredient
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反轉屬性在語義上，某些屬性是有相對應的效果如 a是b的媽媽，則b是a的兒子/女兒================================================================
七、Create some inverse properties

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屬性特色:功能性屬性，a的生母是b，而且a的生母是c，因為每個人的生母只有一個可以識別出，b和c是同一個人(功能性屬性可以反轉)
遞移屬性，a有一個祖先b，b有一個祖先c ，則 c是a的祖先
對稱屬性，a是b的兄弟，則b亦是a的兄弟================================================================
八、Make the hasIngredient property transitive九、Make the hasBase property functional========================================================
屬性之領域及範圍:在owl中，屬性的領域和範圍是很重要的，舉pizza而言，hasTopping的domain設為pizza。但如果我們將hasTopping的屬性設給IceCream，則將產生錯誤。
==================================================================十、Specify the domain and range for the isToppingOf property十一、Specify the domain and range for the hasBase property and its inverse property isBaseOf
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Describing And Defining ClassesProperty Restrictionsowl三種屬性限制:• Quantifier Restrictions • The existential quantifier (倒E), which can be read as at least one, or some. • The universal quantifier (倒A), which can be read as only.• Cardinality Restrictions• hasValue Restrictions============================================================
十二、Add a restriction to Pizza that specifies a Pizza must have a PizzaBase十三、Add a restriction to Pizza that specifies a Pizza must have a PizzaBase (Continued...)
建立不同種類的PIZZA十四、Create a subclass of Pizza called NamedPizza, and a subclass of NamedPizza calledMargheritaPizza十五、Create an existential (9) restriction on MargheritaPizza that acts along the propertyhasTopping with a filler of MozzarellaTopping to specify that a MargheritaPizza has atleast one MozzarellaTopping十六、Create a existential restriction (9) on MargheritaPizza that acts along the propertyhasTopping with a filler of TomatoTopping to specify that a MargheritaPizza has at leastone TomatoTopping十七、Create AmericanaPizza by cloning and modifying the description of MargheritaPizza十八、Create an AmericanHotPizza and a SohoPizza十九、Make subclasses of NamedPizza disjoint from each other
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Using A Reasoner (推理機) Determining the OWL Sub-Language OWL有三種子語言OWL-Lite, OWL-DL (DLstands for Description Logics) and OWL-Full Using RACER-叫作RACER的 Reasoner
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二十、Add a Probe Class called ProbeInconsistentTopping which is a subclass of bothCheeseTopping and Vegetable
二一、Classify the ontology to make sure ProbeInconsistentTopping is inconsistent
二二、Remove the disjoint statement between CheeseTopping and VegetableTopping to seewhat happens
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…Dig reasoner error: connection refused:connect… 出問題了~ 在此停下了~